- By FYH News Team
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doi: 10.1097/GME.0000000000002267.
Online ahead of print.
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Menopause.
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Abstract
Use of menopausal hormone therapy (HT) fell precipitously after 2002, largely as a result of the Women’s Health Initiative’s report claiming that the combination of conjugated equine estrogen (CEE) and medroxyprogesterone acetate increased breast cancer risk and did not improve quality of life. More recently, Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) publications acknowledge HT as the most effective treatment for managing menopausal vasomotor symptoms and report that CEE alone reduces the risk of breast cancer by 23% while reducing breast cancer death by 40%. Their sole remaining concern is a small increase in breast cancer incidence with CEE and medroxyprogesterone acetate (1 per 1,000 women per year) but with no increased risk of breast cancer mortality. This article closely examines evidence that calls even this claim of breast cancer risk into serious question, including the WHI’s reporting of nonsignificant results as if they were meaningful, a misinterpretation of its own data, and the misleading assertion that the WHI’s findings have reduced the incidence of breast cancer in the United States. A generation of women has been deprived of HT largely as a result of this widely publicized misinterpretation of the data. This article attempts to rectify this misunderstanding, with the goal of helping patients and physicians make informed joint decisions about the use of HT.
Copyright © 2023 by The Menopause Society.
Conflict of interest statement
Financial disclosure/conflicts of interest: R.D.L. was funded by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute as a principal investigator in the Women’s Health Initiative 1993 to 2005 but has not received funding related to this article from any source for more than 5 years. The other authors have nothing to disclose.
References
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