Preference for Long-Acting HIV Prevention Methods Among Transgender Women Vulnerable to HIV in Eastern and Southern United States: Findings from the LITE Study

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HIV incidence among transgender women remains high and disproportionately impacts young, Black, and Latina transgender women. Data on preferred PrEP modalities among this population are limited. Participants in The LITE Cohort completed a survey module on PrEP modality preferences during 24-month study visits. We summarized ranked preferences based on an exhaustive set of 10 head-to-head comparisons of 5 PrEP modalities (pill, injection, implantable device, topical gel, and intravenous antibodies) and conducted in-depth interviews to contextualize findings. Between 2020 and 2022, 789 participants completed the PrEP modality survey module. The most preferred PrEP modality was the implant (ranked first among 45% of respondents), followed by pill (21%), injection (19%), gel (10%), and intravenous antibodies (4%). The implant ranked highest among Latina transgender women (36%), young adult transgender women (ages 18-24 years; 41%), those living in the South (47%), and those with PrEP indication(s) (45%), while injection was the top-ranked modality among Black transgender women (30%). Qualitative analysis of in-depth interviews (n = 45) revealed that PrEP modality preferences were individualized, context-dependent, considered gender-related factors (e.g. gender-affirming hormone injections), and informed by prior healthcare experiences, personal values, and anticipated modality-specific facilitators and barriers. Our findings suggest high interest in long-acting PrEP options, including implants and injections, and daily pills among transgender women.

La incidencia del VIH entre las mujeres transgénero sigue siendo alta y afecta de manera desproporcionada a las mujeres transgénero jóvenes, de raza negra, y latinas. Los datos sobre las preferencias de modalidades de PrEP entre esta población son limitados. Las participantes de la cohorte LITE completaron un módulo de encuesta sobre sus preferencias de modalidad de PrEP durante la visita de estudio a los 24 meses. Resumimos las preferencias clasificadas en base a un conjunto exhaustivo de 10 comparaciones directas de 5 modalidades de PrEP (píldora, inyección, dispositivo implantable, gel tópico y anticuerpos intravenosos) y realizamos entrevistas en profundidad para contextualizar los hallazgos. Entre 2020 y 2022, 789 participantes completaron el módulo de encuesta sobre modalidades de PrEP. La modalidad de PrEP más preferida fue el implante (que ocupó el primer lugar entre el 45% de las encuestadas), seguido de la píldora (21%), la inyección (19%), el gel (10%) y los anticuerpos intravenosos (4%). El implante ocupó el primer lugar entre las mujeres transgénero latinas (36%), las mujeres transgénero adultas jóvenes (de 18 a 24 años; 41%), las que viven en el sur (47%) y las que tienen indicaciones de PrEP (45%), mientras que la inyección fue la modalidad más preferida entre las mujeres transgénero de raza negra (30%). El análisis cualitativo de las entrevistas a profundidad (n=45) reveló que las preferencias sobre la modalidad de PrEP eran individualizadas, dependientes del contexto, consideraban factores relacionados con el género (por ejemplo, inyecciones de hormonas que afirman el género) y eran basadas en experiencias previas de atención médica, valores personales y facilitadores y barreras anticipadas específicas de modalidad. Nuestros hallazgos sugieren un gran interés en las opciones de PrEP de acción prolongada, incluyendo implantes e inyecciones, y píldoras diarias entre las mujeres transgénero.


Keywords:

HIV; Injectable PrEP; LITE cohort; Long-acting PrEP; Pre-exposure prophylaxis; Transgender women; United States.

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